According to Ali, the people in that land were black as tar, they worshiped a variety of gods and demi gods, the men wore loose white robes and the woman did not cover their faces like back home.
Mansur Ali's description of Axum also gives us a nice reference for the local condition in that era since very few Axumite references can be found for the time. It must have been one heavily guarded and well supplied caravan to accommodate so many powerful and influential people across such a long distance. The expedition reached Abyssinia successfully by April 1068. Now coming to the matter of the Slave trade. The territory prospered with numerous irrigation channels and a private military force. His family, the Banu Khattab, ruled the whole Fezzan. In 918 a Berber Ibadita name Ibn al-Khattab Hawwarí founded the city of Zawila, which became a thriving center of caravans engaged in the slave trade. Muslims did not settle at Fezzan until the tenth century.
Some of them are mentioned below.ġ) The Quran was created by Allah at some point unlike the Sunni belief that God and Quran exist from before time.Ģ)God will not show himself to Muslims on the day of judgement.ģ)It is not necessary to have one man as head of the entire Islamic world(Caliph).ĭue to these conflicting viewpoints, the Ibadis faced much religious persecutions in the middle east by the late 8th century and by the 9th century, there was a huge diaspora of Ibadis out from Syria, Iraq and Arabia to the faraway horizons of the Islamic world. They also have varying viewpoints of other matters. They wanted to bring back Islam to a primodial state of the Prophet's times. They thought that Islam had been harmed and diluted when the conflict between Shia and Sunni started. The Ibadis themselves were a minor sect of Islam. From then on, Islam spread rapidly in North Africa and among the Berbers. Then, in 641 AD, Muslims troops conquered Egypt and then Libya the following year after defeating the Eastern Roman Empire and their allies. Later that same year, 101 more Muslims reached Abyssinia. In 614 AD Muhammed advised many of his earliest disciples who were facing persecution from the pagan authorities in Mecca to go and seek refuge in Abyssinia. The presence of Islam in Africa can be traced back right to the times of the Prophet. To understand the Banu Khattab, we first have to understand the origins of Islam itself in Africa.
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